Structure of Local Authority
The structure of local government varies in different parts of the country. There are five different types of local authorities in England and Wales, these are divided into single-tier and two-tier authorities.
Single tier authorities are:
- 36 Metropolitan Authorities
- 32 London Boroughs plus the Corporation of London
- 46 Unitary or Shire Authorities in England
- 22 Unitary in Wales
Two tier authorities are:
- 34 County Council, and
- 238 District Council
In addition to the 408 local authorities in England and Wales there are some:
- 10,000 Parish and town councils
These are mostly, but not exclusively, in rural areas.
In London, the Mayor and his Greater London Authority (GLA) take responsibility for strategic issues over the area. However, the Government Minister for London retains most power over policy.
London is divided into 32 borough authorities plus the Corporation of London area.
According to the LGA local authorities in England and Wales employ:
- Over 2.1 million staff
- And spend a total of £70 billion a year
- Which accounts for around 25% of total public spending
These resources are used to provide many of the services that affect all daily lives. Responsibility for the provision of the services varies depending on the local authority type.
Construction forms large parts of the total spend – Roger Latham, Chair of Local Government Task Force confirms in 2005 alone the public sector spent close to £29 billion on construction procurement.